Arise and
Shine in Splendor
Isaiah
60:1–6; Colossians 1:13; Isaiah 9:2; Acts 26:17–18
Text:
Martin Opitz (1597-1639)
(Lutheran Service Book 396)
Arise
and shine in splendor;
Let
night to day surrender.
Your light is drawing near.
Above,
the day is beaming,
In
matchless beauty gleaming;
The glory of the Lord is here.
See
earth in darkness lying,
The
heathen nations dying
In hopeless gloom and night.
To you
the Lord of heaven—
Your
life, your hope—has given
Great glory, honor, and delight.
The world’s
remotest races,
Upon
whose weary faces
The sun looks from the sky,
Shall
run with zeal untiring,
With joy
Your light desiring
That breaks upon them from on high.
Lift up
your eyes in wonder—
See,
nations gather yonder
From sin to be set free.
The
world has heard Your story;
Her sons
come to Your glory;
Her daughters haste Your light to
see.
Your
heart will leap for gladness
When
from the realms of sadness
They come from near and far.
Your
eyes will wake from slumber
As
people without number
Rejoice to see the Morning Star.
© 1941
Concordia Publishing House
|
Martin Opitz |
“Arise
and Shine in Splendor” was composed by Martin Opitz who is widely considered as
the most influential German poet of his generation. One of his key achievements
was to establish the German language as a fit language for poetry. Before
Opitz, when Germans wrote poetry, they would imitate poets from other
languages. “Opitz's poems, written during the Thirty Years War,
reflect shifting religious and worldly loyalties.” I can find no direct
reference to his religious leanings however, based on the places he worked, it
seems likely he was Roman Catholic. He died of the plague. This hymn first
appeared in our hymnals with The Lutheran Hymnal. The original has six
verses. Our hymnals have always published five of them.
Light
and darkness is a traditional Epiphany theme, and Opitz picks up on it. Light
represents God, gospel, Christ, life and the like. Darkness represents the
devil, law, sin, death, and the like. This is a use of the light/dark metaphor
that was established in Scriptures.
Through
His Old Testament prophets, God promised that the Messiah was not just for
Jews, but for all. The hymn starts by drawing inspiration from one of those
prophecies, Isaiah 60:1-6.
60:1 Arise, shine, for your light has come,
and the glory of the Lord has risen upon you.
2 For behold, darkness shall cover the
earth,
and thick darkness the
peoples;
but the Lord will arise upon you,
and his glory will be
seen upon you.
3 And nations shall come to your light,
and kings to the
brightness of your rising.
4 Lift up your eyes all around, and
see;
they all gather
together, they come to you;
your sons shall come from afar,
and your daughters shall
be carried on the hip.
5 Then you shall see and be radiant;
your heart shall thrill
and exult,
because the abundance of the sea
shall be turned to you,
the wealth of the
nations shall come to you.
6 A multitude of camels shall cover
you,
the young camels of
Midian and Ephah;
all those from Sheba
shall come.
They shall bring gold and
frankincense,
and shall bring good
news, the praises of the Lord.
(Isaiah
60:1-6)
The
light/darkness metaphor is easily seen in Isaiah. Isaiah speaks of nations and
kings coming to the brightness of the Messiah in verse 3. In verse 6 he speaks
of camels arriving carrying gold and frankincense. The fulfillment of this
verse can easily been seen in the Magi who visited the Christ-child.
In the
hymn we sing of the world’s “remotest races” and the “heathen nations dying” as
they lye in darkness seeing the light of the gospel. This again reflects the
reading from Isaiah for, while Isaiah’s words can certainly be applied to the
Magi, they are not limited to those visitors to Bethlehem. Wherever the Gospel
goes it brings the saving light into a sin-darkened world.
Isaiah
saw what would happen when the Messiah came and wrote about it in chapter 9.
The people who walked in darkness
have seen a great light;
those who dwelt in a land of deep
darkness,
on them has light shone.
(Isaiah
9:2)
Again we
find the light/darkness metaphor used also in our hymn. This great light comes
from Galilee (Isaiah 9:1), pointing us to Jesus. Jesus himself picks up on this
light imagery when he said, “I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me
will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life” (John 8:12). Jesus
identifies himself as the Light of which Isaiah spoke and of which we sing in
the hymn.
Saul, a
former Pharisee and scholar of the Old Testament, was a persecutor of
Christians. He became the great Christian missionary to the Gentiles and faced
the same persecution he once dealt out. At one time he was arrested and
appeared before King Agrippa. At that time Saul/Paul told the king how the resurrected
Jesus appeared to him.
17“… delivering
you from your people and from the Gentiles—to whom I am sending you 18to
open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the
power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place
among those who are sanctified by faith in me’” (Acts 26:17-18).
Jesus
told Saul that He had appointed him to be His servant and witness, specifically
to the Gentiles. Again the Gospel light is not to be restricted to any one race
or nation. Again our hymn reflects the global reach of the Gospel over and over
again.
Paul was
to “open the eyes” of those to whom he was sent. He was to proclaim Jesus’
teachings, which includes both Law and Gospel. The “Law” part might not jump
out right away, but every reference to “darkness” is Law. To remove the
metaphor a bit, we are sinners who need to “see” our sins and our need for a
Savior. The Gospel is all that Jesus has done and does to earn and deliver to
us our forgiveness and salvation. The Holy Spirit works through these truths
and opens the eyes of sinners to see and know their Savior. Through faith in
Him, their sins would be forgiven and they would be sanctified.
At
Pentecost the Holy Spirit made it possible for believers to speak in foreign
languages—opening the way to reach the Gentiles. In less than thirty years, the
Gospel was being proclaimed throughout the Roman Empire. Paul wrote about this
advancement of the Gospel to the Colossians:
He has
delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of
his beloved Son (Colossians 1:13)
Notice
that Paul uses the word “us” when speaking of being delivered from darkness and
being brought into the kingdom of “His beloved Son.” The nations for whom the
Gospel is intended includes the descendants of Abraham. However Paul is writing
to Gentiles, and includes them in the word “us.” We have been delivered, all of
us, both Jew and Gentile, all who have come to faith in Christ. To put that
another way, all baptized believers in the Triune God, who have faith in Jesus
as the Savior, are included in the word “us.” So, as we sing of the nations in
the hymn, we are singing about Mexico, South Africa, Nigeria, China, France, Puerto
Rico, Russia, the Philippines, and the USA, to name a few. We are singing about
“us.”